Three Gorges Dam

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 three gorges dam

Three gorges, a gravity type dam, was the largest dam structure in the world, constructed on Yangtze River in China which is the Asia’s longest river. The construction of the dam began in 1994 and ended in 2003, it was the largest engineering project in China.

The dam has the length of 2335m and the height of 181m. It had the installed capacity of the power station as 22500MW and generates the annual power of 87TWh. Its construction cost is ¥203 billion. The total capacity of the reservoir is 39.3 cubic km.

NASA has calculated that the dam only slows the rotation by 0.06 microseconds, which is six hundredths of a millionth of a second. Our planet’s rotation speed actually fluctuates fairly often, as it can be influenced by earthquakes, the moon, and the climate change-induced movement of the North Pole.

Engineering concept:

Moment of inertia:

Moment of inertia is a quantity that determines the torque needed for a desired angular acceleration about a rotational axis

The earth rotates with a speed of 1000 miles per hour.

The mass of earth is 5.972*1024  kg.

The reservoir of the dam holds 42 billion tons of water.

When the total mass of an object is nearer to the axis, it will have a maximum rotational force.

When the mass of an object is far to the axis, it slows down the rotational force.

(earth axis and mass of the earth)

Due to heavy storage of water at a height of 181m, the mass of the earth slightly moves away from its axis. Thus the rotation of earth slows down by 0.06 microseconds as the moment of inertia increases.

The link given below shows the animation of the rise of three gorges dam.

https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3433

According to the Three Gorges Corporation, the water level in the reservoir reached a record high flood season level of 164.18 meters on July 19. The previous high level reached during the flood season since the dam became fully operational in 2012 was 163.11 meters. The reservoir is designed to hold a maximum water level of 175 meters.

"The inflow of the Three Gorges Dam on the upstream Yangtze River may reach 60,000 cubic meters per second today," the Ministry of Water Resources said in a statement. "Water at the Yangtze River midstream will rise again and exceed its limit by 0.2 meters." The ministry also warned of a "huge flood" both east and west of the city of Yichang in Hubei Province where the dam is located.

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